Wednesday, January 11, 2012

Pentaksiran Klinikal T.4

Pentaksiran Klinikal merupakan penilaian dan pengukuran terhadap fakto2 psikologi,biologi dan sosial yg dilakukan secara sistematik ke atas seseorang individu yg berkemungkinan menunjukkan simtom2 kecelaruan psikologi. Durand dan Barlow,2004 - wow,latestnye
Konsep utama yg perlu dititikberatkan sblum menjalankan PK adalah ;
- kebolehpercayaan _ kekalan,konsisten
-kesahan _ mgukur apa yg ptut diukur
-piawaian _ norma

Strategi dan profesor prosedur yg boleh dilakukan dlm PK :
1. Temubual Klinikal
-interaksi bersemuka antara indvidu yg mybe ada kecelaruan psikologi dgn pakar.
tujuan : mengumpul maklumat semasa dan maklumat lepas yg berkaitan dgn pemikiran,perasaan,dan TL indivisu ttg masalah yg dialaminya.
Ada tiga jenis temubual klinikal
1. temubual berstruktur.- pakar baru dlm bidang.so tny bulat2 dan apa yg ada dlm senarai. cth : Mental Status Exam (MSE)- temubual dan pemerhatian ttg pemikiran,perasaan dan tingkah laku terhadap individu dilakukan secara sistematik.
ada 5 kategori dlm MSE
1. appearance and behavior : berkait dgn sebarang TL fizikal serta perawakan diri seseorang yg dpt dilihat dgn jelas.
2 thought process(bagaimana ia berfikir) : merangkumi kadar percakapan,kesinambungan percakapan serta kandungan yg disampaikan dlm percakapan.
3. Mood and affects. : melihat sama ada gerakbalas dari aspek mood dan afek bersesuaian mahupun tidak dengan rangsangan yg diterima. cth : kita tutup mata,dia tutup mata. (dakkk. hat nie x sure sgt)
4. intellectual functioning : temasuklah perbendaharaan kata,penggunaan abstrak dan metafora serta memori jangka panjang dan memori jangka pendek yg dimiliki individu. cth: saya seorang lelaki_saya lelaki
5.sensorium : kesedaran individu ttg orientasi asas antara diri dgn persekitaran. ia merangkumi diri,tempat dan masa.
2.temubual separa berstruktur
3.temubual tidak berstruktur

2.Pemeriksaan fizikal
-Ia merujuk kpd perkaitan antara medical condition seseorang individu yg blh membawa kpd masalah psikology. 
-Antara kemungkinan punca adalah keadaan toksik yg dialami badan secara sementara melalui pengambilan makanan,lebihan dos ubat mahupun permulaan ke arah rawatan perubatan sebenar.

3.Pentaksiran Tingkah Laku
-bertujuan utk mentaksir keadaan dan tingkah laku seseorang individu secara lebih spesifik dalam konteks yg tertentu.
-pentaksiran blh dilakukan dgn tatacara :
1. membuat target dan kenal pasti TL ttentu yg akn ditafsir,
2. menjalankan pemerhatian terhadap TL
3.Menentukan faktor yg mempengaruhi TL yg diperhatikan
-terdapat byk teknik yg boleh dilakukan utk membuat pentaksiran TL. Ia merangkumi teknik temubual,home/school visit,simulasi main peranan dlm setting sesi,pentaksiran berdasarkan Antecedent-Behavioral-Consequences,Self-monitoring dan juga senarai semak secara markat.

4. pengujian Psikologi
-Kecelaruan Psikologi blh ditafsir menerusi pengujian psikologi dgn menggunakan alat pengujian khusus.
-Ia bertujuan utk menentukan sama ada respon kognitif,emosi dan TL yg dipamerkan berkemungkinan berkait dgn kecelaruan khusus atau/dan ianya hny aspek umum yg dimiliki sbg personaliti.
-terdapat byk alat yg blh diguanakan : cth - Stanforsd-Binet Intelligence scale,Wechsler intelligence test,mana2 self report yg berkait dgn aspek psikologikal,serta ujian projektif spt Rosach Inkblot Test dan Thematic Apperception Test.

5. Pengujian Neuropsikolgi - psikologi diri kita
-Adakalanya untk menguji dan mentafsir keadaan sebenar kefungsian otak memerlukan kos yg tinggi dan rumit. Melalui pengujian neuropsikologi,pentaksiran ttg ketidakfungsian otak dgn membuat pemerhatian bg kesan ketidakfungsian itu dpt dilakukan.
-juga dapat menilai keupayaan seseorang individu dlm melaksanakan sesuatu tugas.
-Antara contoh pengujian neuropsikologi adalah Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test,Rhythm Test dan Tactile Performance Test. 

Neuroimej 
-Pentaksiran klinikal ini adalah merupakan taksiran melalui gambar ttg struktur dna kefungsian otak. ia bertujuan utk mengenalpasti mana2 bahagian otak yg mengalami kerosakan,
-imej struktur otak diperolehi melalui Positron Emission Tomography(PET),Single Photon Emission Tomography ( SPECT ) dan functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Pentaksiran Psikofisiologi 
-Perubahan yg berlaku dlm sistem saraf yg mereflek keadaan emosi dan psikologi seseorang individu dapat diukur melalui pentaksiran psikofisiologi
-ia boleh dilakukan melalui tahap tekanan darah, EEG, ERP serta GSR.

Tuesday, January 10, 2012

Finally,,finished read this !

Assalamualaikum.

I bought this at KL Central,after my flight from Kelantan to Kuala Lumpur, on 13 November 2011.

A step From Heaven.
An Na
This is An Na
Look at her eyes 
=)

She was born in Korea and grew up in San Diego, California.Graduated of Amherst College and received her MFA in Writing Children’s Literature from Vermont College. A former middle school English and history teacher, she now writes full time. She lives in Kensington, CA. A Step From Heaven is her first novel..

Its about a Korean American girl tells of her acculturation into American life from the day she leaves Korea as a child to adulthood.Gr. 8-12. At age four, Young Ju ( the girl )and her family move from Korea to America, where they are met with serious challenges, including learning to speak English, combating poverty, and enduring various types of abuse. Particularly interesting is Young Ju's sense of responsibility for teaching her parents the English words she learns at school.This young Korean girl and her family find it difficult to learn English and adjust to life in America.


It is the engaging tale of a young girl’s childhood in the shadow of an abusive father, and of how she gains the courage to choose freedom for herself and her family. …


Reading this while others are playing are not the prove of something better on me !

An Na’s crisp writing sketches Young Ju’s growth from a 4-year-old to a high school senior on her way to college who watches her parents’ marriage fall apart. Her father’s drinking, depression and domestic violence are realistic and disturbing. I adore An Na’s ability to create a believable family history transcends the painful scenes, just as Young Ju overcomes her bittersweet childhood to become an admirable young woman.

And i shared it with my next-to-me friend
Also when epicts Young’s development by showing the complexities of her world, screened through her mind,I see Young, even as a small child, trying to piece events together on an intellectual as well as an emotional level. Her struggle to comprehend her family life leads to a mature understanding of her mother, allowing Young to take some courageous steps into the adult world.

Reading novel during Student's Learning and Development class showed that the class is bored 


This beautifully written book, a tale of both tragedy and eventual triumph, is likely to bring tears to the eyes of mine.Wuuuwuuu.. 

But of course i hide it inside 3P's book.

Lastly,i conclude that its powerful story of cultural clash. How i wish i can be there to care for Young Ju as she finds her way in a strange culture and eventually finds success.Amazing,aweesome Young Ju !


Spears or Jeniffer Love Hewitt? huh

Assalamualaikum


I am arguing with a friend of mine. She thinks Britney Spears is pretty (right now). I 100% disagree with her. I would rather have Jennifer Love Hewitt's  than Britney Spears' face. Britney's head looks like a bowling ball and something "crazy" has happened to her hairline. 
She is gross looking to me. I am not saying that Jennifer Love Hewitt has a sweet as @#*. All I'm saying is, I would rather have my face (acne, sun damage, large pores, no upper lip, bushy eyebrows, sunken eyes, etc.) over Britney's.  Hmm,, grrrr ! 


no comment
Also
What would you choose? You have to.





Yeah i love red.



Sunday, January 1, 2012

I love something


I love it when you talk to me.

I love it how you make me smile.

I love looking in your eyes.

I love hearing your laugh.

I love the fact that I can spend hours dreaming of my future with you and never get bored.

I love it that I can talk to you for hours but it feels like minutes.

I love it that I wanna spend my life with you.

I love it that I met you, a boy so gentle so true.

I love it that you will never hurt me, lie to me or cheat me.

I love it that we can also be friends.

I love it that I can tell you what I'm thinking.

I love it that you tell me what you're thinking.

I love it that you can make me feel things 

I never felt for anyone.

I love it that every minute without you is like one hour.

I love it that I dream of you when I fall asleep.

I love it that I wake up thinking of you.

I love it that when I am scared I can run to you.